According to a notice from the U.S. Department of State published in the Federal Register, the sanctions took effect on July 24 under the Iran, North Korea, and Syria Nonproliferation Act. The sanctions list includes the Main Rocket and Artillery Directorate of the Ministry of Defense of Russia, the Advanced Inter-Branch Research and Special Projects Directorate of the Ministry of Defense, the Ground Forces of the Russian Federation, as well as the 1061st Material Support Center. The restrictions also apply to the companies "Gideon Alpha" and "International Invest Company," their subsidiaries and successors, as well as five Russian citizens: Andrey Gusev, Andrey Kosolapov, Vladislav Morozik, Alexander Prikhodko, and Sergey Tsibarev. According to the American side, the individuals on the sanctions list are involved in the transfer or procurement of goods, technologies, and services that may be used in the creation of weapons of mass destruction, as well as cruise and ballistic missile systems in the interests of Iran, North Korea, and Syria. The new restrictions prohibit U.S. government agencies from entering into any contracts with the individuals on the sanctions list, purchasing goods and services from them, providing financial or other support, as well as exporting military-related products. The sanctions are set for two years, but the U.S. Secretary of State has the authority to make individual exceptions.